hidden europe 32

Where empires collide: Zemun, Serbia

by Laurence Mitchell

Picture above: The waterfront of Zemun. The town has a more intimate connection with the Danube than its larger neighbour Belgrade (photo © Laurence Mitchell).

Summary

The Danube has always been a natural geographic barrier in the Balkans, a watery frontier between two cultural worlds: the Habsburg to the north and the Ottoman territories to the south. Laurence Mitchell escorts us on a riverfront walk from Belgrade to Zemun through an area where empires collide.

Take a stroll along the promenade at Kalemegdan Park in Belgrade’s Old Town and you will be greeted with a magnificent view. Immediately below, the Danube and Sava rivers merge in confluence, mingling waters that may have originated as a Bavarian rainstorm, Croatian dishwater or Viennese drizzle.

Look south from that Belgrade park and you will see a series of bridges across the Sava with traffic speeding to and from New Belgrade. Beyond the three road bridges are the hazy iron girders of Stari zeleznicki most (‘Old Railway Bridge’) with perhaps a train destined for Budapest or Vienna. Belgrade has always been a spot with far-flung connections.

The river itself will probably have a slowmoving dredger, low in the water, hauling sand for construction, and in summer there may even be a gleaming white cruiser full of camera-clicking tourists en route to the Black Sea. If the hour is approaching sunset and the weather is even half decent, you are unlikely to be alone. Inevitably, there will be groups of Belgraders sharing the view from Kalemegdan. There may be smooching lovers, teenagers sharing bottles of Jelen beer, strolling pensioners and middle-aged men engrossed in outdoor chess tournaments.

Walking north, you will soon pass Ivan Meštrovic’s Messenger of Victory statue — a naked warrior posed high on a plinth holding a sword in one hand and a falcon in the other. The gesture seems defiant, facing across the river towards New Belgrade, bare buttocks turned to the former Turkish fortress that is the park’s centrepiece. Continue further and the view north becomes surprisingly rural: a dense forest of trees across the water and, beyond, the suburb of Krnjaca. Extending to vanishing point beyond this last-gasp urban outpost lies Vojvodina province, stretching far beyond the horizon into Hungary and Romania with an unwavering flatness in which the curvature of the earth seems to be the only notable topography.

For a sharp reminder that you are in the centre of the Balkan region’s largest city it is necessary to turn and gaze upstream along the Danube. Beyond the high-rise canyons of Novi Beograd (‘New Belgrade’) and the swampy forested island of Veliko Ratno Ostrvo (‘Great War Island’) that squats midstream, incongruously pacific, it should be possible to discern a small hill with a lighthouse-shaped tower on top. This is Gardoš Hill in Zemun, a town, now virtually a Belgrade suburb, which lies on the Danube’s south bank just beyond New Belgrade. The tower, although often eponymously described by the mound on which it stands, is more correctly known as Sibinjanin Janko’s Tower (Kula Sibinjanin Janka) or Millennium Tower (Milenijumska kula). Certainly, the latter is apposite as the building was erected in 1896 to commemorate one thousand years of the Hungarian state — Zemun and Hungary were always closely linked.

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Editorial hidden europe 62

We do rather like an amble, even sometimes a ramble, but when we are in rural regions we do also quite like to vegetate, and the current pandemic has certainly allowed us many opportunities to do just that. And thus maybe unsurprisingly, there is a walking theme to this issue of hidden europe. Enjoy the read.